Bengio (Photo by Maryse Boyce), Hinton (Photo by Keith Penner), LeCun (Photo, courtesy of Facebook) By JONATHAN VANIAN April 2, 2019 Artificial intelligence’s growing importance, in both business and research, is largely because of Yoshua Bengio, Geoffrey Hinton, and Yann LeCun—otherwise known as the “godfathers of deep learning.” Last week, the trio won the annual Turing Award, the technology world’s equivalent to the Nobel Prize, presented by the Association for Computing Machinery. Their research has led to huge breakthroughs in computers translating languages and identifying objects and people in photographs. At the heart of the men’s research are neural networks, the software created decades ago to mimic how the human brain learns. The technology plays a huge role in artificial intelligence and its close cousin, deep learning. The analogy of neural networks being like the human brain is something many A.I. researchers and ne...